Cause and Effect
A. What is cause and effrct ?
Cause and Effect is a concept that explains the relationship between two events or situations, where one event (cause) leads to another event (effect).
adalah konsep yang menjelaskan hubungan antara dua peristiwa atau situasi, di mana satu peristiwa (cause) menyebabkan peristiwa lain (effect).
Cause Cause*: An event or situation that leads to something happeningu
Penyebab (Penyebab) adalah peristiwa atau situasi yang menyebabkan sesuatu terjadi.
Effect The result or consequence of an event or situation that occurs
Effect (Akibat) adalah hasil atau konsekuensi dari peristiwa atau situasi yang terjadi.
B. Example Cause and Effect
C. Dialogue.
Alwi : That's terrible. As a result, you're late.
D Exercise
1. Why did the glass break?
*Jawaban*: Because it fell on the floor.
2. What happened to the crops?
*Jawaban*: They died because of the drought.
3. Why was the traffic jam?
*Jawaban*: Because there was an accident on the road.
4. What was the result of the company's financial crisis?
*Jawaban*: The company had to lay off many employees.
5. Why did she get a headache?
*Jawaban*: Because she didn't sleep well last night.
6. What happened to the city after the hurricane?
*Jawaban*: Many buildings were destroyed and people lost their homes.
7. Why did he fail the exam?
*Jawaban*: Because he didn't study hard enough.
8. What was the effect of the pollution on the environment?
*Jawaban*: Many animals lost their habitats and some species became extinct.
9. Why did the team win the game?
*Jawaban*: Because they practiced hard and had a good strategy.
10. What happened to the economy after the pandemic?
*Jawaban*: Many businesses closed and people lost their jobs.
11. Why did she feel sad?
*Jawaban*: Because she lost her favorite pet.
12. What was the result of the construction project?
*Jawaban*: A new highway was built and traffic congestion was reduced.
13. Why did he get a parking ticket?
*Jawaban*: Because he parked in a no-parking zone.
14. What happened to the river after the factory dumped chemicals into it?
*Jawaban*: The river became polluted and many fish died.
15. Why did the company go bankrupt?
*Jawaban*: Because they had too much debt and couldn't pay their creditors.
F..Grmmar.
1. Konjungsi Penyebab (Causal Conjunctions)
- Because (karena)
- Since (karena)
- As (karena)
- Due to (karena)
Contoh: "I was late because of the traffic jam."
2. Konjungsi Akibat (Effect Conjunctions)
- So (sehingga)
- Therefore (oleh karena itu)
- Thus (sehingga)
- Consequently (akibatnya)
Contoh: "I didn't study hard, so I failed the exam."
3. Kalimat Kondisional (Conditional Sentences)
- If-then (jika-maka)
- Unless (kecuali jika)
Contoh: "If I don't study hard, I will fail the exam."
4. Kalimat Pasif (Passive Voice)
- Digunakan untuk menekankan akibat atau hasil dari suatu peristiwa
Contoh: "The city was destroyed by the hurricane."
5. Kata Benda Abstrak (Abstract Nouns)
- Digunakan untuk menggambarkan konsep atau ide abstrak
Contoh: "The effect of climate change is devastating."
6. Kata Kerja Kausal (Causal Verbs)
- Cause (menyebabkan)
- Lead to (mengakibatkan)
- Result in (menghasilkan)
Contoh: "The pollution caused the death of many fish."
Percakapan 2: Cause and Effect tentang Lingkungan
Teacher: Mengapa banjir sering terjadi di kota ini?
Teacher: Why does flooding often happen in this city?
Student: Karena banyak orang membuang sampah sembarangan ke sungai.
Student: Because many people throw garbage carelessly into the river.
Teacher: Benar. Akibatnya sungai menjadi tersumbat dan air meluap.
Teacher: That’s correct. As a result, the river gets clogged and the water overflows.
Student: Jadi penyebab banjir adalah perilaku manusia sendiri.
Student: So the cause of the flood is human behavior itself.
.
Ungkapan Cause (Penyebab)
- Because = karena
- Because of = karena (diikuti noun / kata benda)
- Due to = disebabkan oleh
- Since = karena / sebab
- As = karena
- Owing to = akibat dari
Contoh kalimat:
-
I stayed at home because it was raining.
(Saya tetap di rumah karena sedang hujan.) -
The match was canceled due to heavy rain.
(Pertandingan dibatalkan karena hujan deras.)
Ungkapan Effect (Akibat)
- So = jadi / maka
- Therefore = oleh karena itu
- As a result = akibatnya
- Thus = dengan demikian
- That’s why = itulah sebabnya
- Consequently = akibatnya
Contoh kalimat:
-
It was raining, so I stayed at home.
(Sedang hujan, jadi saya tetap di rumah.) -
He studied hard, as a result he passed the exam.
(Dia belajar keras, akibatnya dia lulus ujian.)
Multiple Choice – Cause and Effect
1. She was late ___ the traffic jam.
(She terlambat ___ kemacetan.)
A. because
B. because of
C. so
D. therefore
E. as a result
2. It was raining, ___ we canceled the picnic.
(Hujan turun, ___ kami membatalkan piknik.)
A. because
B. since
C. so
D. due to
E. because of
3. The exam was difficult, ___ many students failed.
(Ujian sulit, ___ banyak siswa gagal.)
A. because
B. due to
C. as a result
D. since
E. because of
4. ___ his illness, he couldn’t attend the class.
(___ sakitnya, dia tidak bisa hadir di kelas.)
A. Because
B. So
C. Because of
D. Therefore
E. As
5. He didn’t bring an umbrella, ___ he got wet.
(Dia tidak membawa payung, ___ dia basah kuyup.)
A. because
B. since
C. as
D. so
E. due to
6. The flight was canceled ___ bad weather.
(Penerbangan dibatalkan ___ cuaca buruk.)
A. because
B. because of
C. so
D. as a result
E. since
7. I was very tired, ___ I went to bed early.
(Saya sangat lelah, ___ saya tidur lebih awal.)
A. because
B. due to
C. as
D. so
E. since
8. The teacher was angry ___ the students were noisy.
(Guru marah ___ murid-murid berisik.)
A. because
B. so
C. as a result
D. therefore
E. due to
9. There was heavy rain, ___ the streets were flooded.
(Ada hujan deras, ___ jalanan tergenang.)
A. because
B. due to
C. since
D. so
E. because of
10. The children were happy ___ they got new toys.
(Anak-anak senang ___ mereka mendapat mainan baru.)
A. because
B. so
C. therefore
D. as a result
E. due to
11. ___ his laziness, he failed the test.
(___ kemalasannya, dia gagal ujian.)
A. Because
B. Since
C. So
D. Because of
E. Therefore
12. She studied hard, ___ she passed the exam.
(Dia belajar keras, ___ dia lulus ujian.)
A. because
B. due to
C. since
D. so
E. because of
13. The school was closed ___ the earthquake.
(Sekolah ditutup ___ gempa bumi.)
A. so
B. because of
C. therefore
D. as a result
E. since
14. He didn’t eat breakfast, ___ he felt hungry.
(Dia tidak sarapan, ___ dia merasa lapar.)
A. because
B. since
C. due to
D. so
E. because of
15. She was sick, ___ she couldn’t join the competition.
(Dia sakit, ___ dia tidak bisa ikut kompetisi.)
A. because
B. because of
C. so
D. due to
E. as
Kwy : c
Kunci Jawaban
- B. because of
- C. so
- C. as a result
- C. Because of
- D. so
- B. because of
- D. so
- A. because
- D. so
- A. because
- D. Because of
- D. so
- B. because of
- D. so
- C. so
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